Today is Darwin Day.

Darwin Day is celebrated around the 12th of February every year in honour of the birth of Charles Robert Darwin. As you probably know, Darwin came up with the theory of evolution, which is widely, but not universally, accepted as explaining how species adapt and evolve. The Theory of Evolution has itself evolved from Darwin’s first musings. A century and a half ago when he wrote On The Origin of Species, he didn’t know about DNA and genes, but he could see patterns that were transmitted from parent to child. He talked about natural selection and the effects it has over time.

People who believe in the literal interpretation of the Bible have no place in their world for the Theory of Evolution as their world was created a little over 4000 years ago in 7 days. But there are a lot of people, including a lot of scientists, who are comfortable with their religious beliefs yet believe in the Theory of Evolution because it is based on scientific process.

Darin has written an excellent piece about Charles Darwin, the Theory of Evolution and other scientific theories that have enough evidence that they should be called “laws” that’s worth checking out.

A tip o’ the hat to Wikipedia for the caricature called “A Venerable Orang-outang”, depicting Charles Darwin as an ape that was published in The Hornet, a satirical magazine, on March 22, 1871.

The BBC has a story reporting that an Iridium communication satellite attempted to occupy the same time-space coordinates as a non-operational Russian satellite somtime on Tuesday. Since the laws of physics generally do not allow this sort of thing to occur, a large cloud of debris has taken their place.

In practical terms, this means that there’s now a whole lot of new things in orbit that can potentially hit other satellites in orbit. The impact took place in a higher orbit than the International Space Station, so it is not considered at high risk. If everything goes well, the pieces of debris will come out of orbit without hitting anything in the process and burn up harmlessly in the atmosphere. Based on the report, NASA isn’t worried about the ISS being hit by the debris in the immediate future.

Since man started lobbing objects into orbit, there have been 6000 satellites launched. In addition to the satellites, there have been other things such as rocket boosters and associated bits and pieces, tools, gloves and even a spacesuit (minus astronaut) that have found their way into orbit. Usually, these things come out of orbit fairly quickly, but they can sometimes remain in orbit for months or years. Occasionally, pieces make it back to Earth, sometimes with non-trivial results. COSMO-954, a Russian satellite, broke up over northern Canada, scattering radioactive debris from its nuclear reactor across the Northwest Territories in January 1978. You can read about Operation Morning Light on the Geologic Survey of Canada’s website.

I saw a strange glowing spiral cloud when I was at the cottage during the summer of 1992, which I later learned was a satellite coming out of orbit. Some people may be treated to a rather unique spectacle if they’re in the right place at the right time when the pieces de-orbit.